Extroversion

• Willing to take conversational risks

• Dependent on outside stimulation and interaction

Introversion

• Concentration
• Self-sufficiency

• Need to process ideas before speaking may lead to avoidance of risks in conversation

Sensing

• Hard, systematic work
• Attention to detail
• Close observation

• Hindered by lack of clear sequence, goals, syllabus, structure in language or course

Intuition

• Inferencing and guessing from context
• Structuring own training
• Conceptualizing and model-building

• Inaccuracy and missing important details
• Seeking complexity of discourse

Thinking

• Analysis
• Self-discipline
• Instrumental motivation

• Performance anxiety because self-esteem is attached to achievement
• Excessive need for control (language and process)

Feeling

• Integrative motivation, bonding with teachers or speakers of language
• Good relations leading to good self-esteem

• Discouraged if not appreciated
• Disrupted by lack of interpersonal harmony

Judging

• Systematic work
• Get the job done (whatever it is)

• Rigidity
• Intolerance of ambiguous stimuli

Perceiving

• Open
• Flexible
• Adaptable to change and new experiences

• Laziness
• Inconsistent pacing over the long haul